Table 1 Plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein (TP), Na+, K+, and Cl– from red spotted grouper cultured under different thermal conditions
WT(°C ) | AST(u/L) | ALT(u/L) | TP(g/dL) | Na+(mmol/L) | K+(mmol/L) | Cl–(mmol/L) |
Experiment 1 (–1°C/d) |
10 | 76.7±8.8a | 18.6±0.3a | 2.8±0.1abc | 157.0±6.9a | 3.0±0.2a | 155.5±6.6a |
9 | 85.8±7.3ab | 18.7±0.3a | 3.6±0.1d | 166.9±7.2a | 3.1±0.2a | 154.4±9.4a |
8 | 109.2±6.6abc | 22.0±1.0a | 3.3±0.2bcd | 166.9±8.1a | 3.1±0.3a | 157.4±9.9a |
7 | 106.3±8.4abc | 20.1±1.0a | 3.4±0.2cd | 171.6±8.9a | 3.5±0.4a | 143.1±7.2a |
6 | 129.6±7.4c | 23.7±1.1a | 2.3±0.1a | 184.7±1.9a | 3.2±0.4a | 160.0±3.3a |
5 | 126.3±6.5c | 22.5±1.3a | 2.7±0.1ab | 179.4±12.3a | 3.6±0.2a | 157.4±2.7a |
4 | 114.6±4.5bc | 24.5±2.0a | 2.4±0.1a | 195.2±11.8a | 3.6±0.2a | 162.2±3.6a |
Experiment 2 (+1°C/d) |
28 | 45.3±10.4ab | 7.4±0.3a | 2.6±0.2a | 162.3±4.5a | 2.2±0.2a | 149.6±5.6a |
29 | 40.4±7.1a | 8.6±0.8a | 2.6±0.3a | 156.1±4.9a | 2.7±0.2a | 155.2±5.9ab |
30 | 58.4±6.5ab | 7.5±0.5a | 3.1±0.4a | 162.3±7.5a | 2.3±0.3a | 148.7±5.4a |
31 | 50.1±7.1ab | 7.2±0.4a | 2.9±0.4a | 156.5±7.3a | 2.7±0.2a | 145.4±5.0a |
32 | 51.6±4.8ab | 10.7±1.7ab | 3.2±0.4a | 180.7±1.9a | 2.9±0.4a | 153.0±3.4ab |
33 | 61.0±7.4ab | 9.8±0.3ab | 2.4±0.4a | 171.2±10.6a | 3.4±0.3a | 178.5±3.9b |
34 | 88.2±12.8b | 13.3±0.8b | 2.3±0.2a | 155.3±8.5a | 3.1±0.2a | 166.5±4.9ab |
Values represent means ± SD